Media-Based Systems

These types of hydroponic systems rely on some material, such as gravel, aggregate, perlite, vermiculite, or rockwool to support the plants and the roots in the nutrient solution. Such systems can be active or passive and may or may not recycle the nutrients.

Following are descriptions of some common types of media-based systems.

Wick Systems (passive)
This is probably the simplest media-based system and a good one for exploring capillary action. A nutrient mix is drawn up into the medium through nylon or cotton wicks immersed in a reservoir. This is commonly used in schools where the biggest challenge is making sure that the plant roots get sufficient air and that the nutrient mix is diluted with water when the level drops.

Ebb and Flow Systems (active)
The plants and medium are flooded up to six times per day with the nutrient mix, then allowed to drain. As it drains, the system draws oxygen into the medium. These systems most often incorporate automatic timers, but can be flooded by hand if you are very consistent. Every several cycles, you must wash the roots and tank to remove any built-up, crusted salts.

Top-Feed or Drip Systems (active)
A timer-controlled pump delivers nutrient mix on a regular schedule through "emitters" (pipes with holes) to the top of the plant medium and allows the mix to drip down into a catch basin below.

 

 

 

 

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